Reinforced concrete wall is used in case where beam is not provided and load from the slab is heavy or when the masonry wall thickness is restricted. Eurocode 2 worked examples the concrete initiative. The following worked example is for a freestanding. Retaining walls type 1, 1a, 5 and 6 crib walls made of reinforced concrete. Retaining walls must be installed and constructed according to the contract drawings. These are much less than the hydrostatic pressure exerted by water trapped behind the wall. Example 5 design a reinforced concrete bearing wall to support a series of steel wideflange beams at 8 ft0 in. Design and analysis of retaining walls 3 f crib walls or coffer dams are cells or units to be filled with soil or builtup members of pieces of precast concrete or metal and.
Results from pre vious large scale retaining wall tests and field studies are presented. Usually the cantilever wall stem is of concrete block construction rising from an in situ concrete foundation. Retaining walls ence 454 design of concrete structures department of civil and environmental engineering university of maryland, college park spring 2004 by dr. Some easytoadopt retaining wall design ideas have been listed below. Precast concrete design 83 additional requirements for intermediate precast structural walls relating to wall piers. For example, the fill points can get lost and combined with. May 29, 2018 this design envelope is defined as follows. Design and analysis of retaining walls 3 f crib walls or coffer dams are cells or units to be filled with soil or builtup members of pieces of precast concrete or metal and are supported by anchor pieces embedded in the soil for. Mar 22, 20 basics of retaining wall design 9th edition design guide for earth retaining structures. Concrete manufacturers association publications retaining.
Types of retaining wall cantilever retaining wall it consists of a vertical wall called stem, heel slab and toe slab. Worked example 2 design of concrete cantilever retaining. This manual provides guidance for the safe design and economical construction of retaining and flood walls. Deflection generally governs design for cantilever walls. Aci e702 example problems buried concrete basement wall page 5 of 9 calculations references flexure and axial design vertical reinforcement at base of wall using section 14. In this example, the structural design of the three retaining wall components is performed by hand. Most landscape contractors in areas of heavy rainfall or weather extremes avoid fine poured concrete work due to its challenges. However, retaining walls can also be constructed for aesthetic landscaping purposes. Retaining wall construction details for wall design and. Water must not be allowed to build up behind the wall. When you want to be the goto resource for redirock designs, having a copy of geo5 redirock wall professional is the way to go. Principles of retaining wall design the constructor. Retaining walls are designed to resist earth pressures exerted by only the weight of soil retained. There various parts of a retaining wall and design principles of these retaining wall components based on different factors and material and methods of construction are discussed.
Wisdot regional staff determines the need for permanent retaining walls on highway projects. Concrete retaining wall pdf poured concrete walls can be tricky to install, but look great with the architectural elements of a modern house. The total height of different types of retaining wall shall be cast in 2 or 3 pours, keeping the maximum height of pour of 2. This session is not intended to teach concrete design, but more of an awareness of why things are the way they are american concrete institute building code requirements for. Figure 1 illustrates typical cantilever retaining wall detailing requirements.
Ce 437537, spring 2011 retaining wall design example 1 8 design a reinforced concrete retaining wall for the following conditions. Worked example to accompany mbie guidance on the seismic design of retaining structures for residential sites in greater christchurch version 2 november 2014. Design example the following design example briefly illustrates some of the basic steps used in the allowable stress design of a reinforced concrete masonry cantilever retaining wall. Inexpensive retaining wall systems wood retaining wall for hobbit hole inexpensive retaining wall systems uk home garden design back yards retaining walls 70 best ideas easy to build surewall retaining wall systems from cirtex. Retaining walls design and construction guide edition e3, may 20 supersedes all previous editions. The horizontal distance, measured from the toe of the wall, is the greater of twice the height of the wall 2h or, the height of the projection from the tail of the reinforcement layers to the surface h e plus a distance equal to the length of the reinforcement l. It took a day to rip out the old, collapsing retaining wall, to dig. Seismic design category c use the 2012 ibc required. The basic design precepts employed in cantilever walls include considerations of dead man tiebacks, taking active pressures to the bottom of the wall and considering any reductions in passive resistance for inclined slopes. This input is a variable that can range from 20 lbs. Active earth pressure or earth pressure pa and passive earth pressure p p.
It is not intended as a textbook of soil mechanics or geotechnical engineering. These design methods are discussed in detail in allowable stress design of concrete masonry, tek 147a, and strength design of concrete masonry, tek 144a refs. Assume head of water at front of wall varies linearly between 0 and 0. That chain includes upfront planning and design, quality of the retaining wall product chosen, quality of the sitespecific engineering for the wall, quality of the information regarding the soils at the site, and the quality of. The bank of supported earth is assumed to weigh 110 lbft. The wall is braced top and bottom against lateral translation.
Design of retaining wall with counterfort engineering. Retaining walls are structure used to retain soil, rock or other materials in a vertical condition. Retaining wall general notes allan block wall systems. Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall analysis and. Drainage material the crushed rock, gravel or similar material placed behind a retaining wall to convey ground water away from the wall and foundations. With this powerful software, youll have the answers to all the toughest design challenges in your area. Example 11 castinplace concrete cantilever retaining wall 4 2020 summary of unfactored loads and moments resolve moments about point a see figure 1 typical section load. Basics of retaining wall design civil engineering community. Drainage is an important aspect of any retaining wall project. Buried concrete basement wall design problem statement provide a detailed strength design durability and other considerations not included for a new buried concrete basement wall in a singlestory masonry building using the given information. The retaining wall plan view is for wall identification only. Sketches of the retaining wall forces should be considered to properly distinguish the different forces acting on our retaining wall as tackled in the previous article, retaining wall. Design the reinforced concrete masonry cantilever retaining wall shown in figure 2.
T ech n ote wsdot cae s upport april 2014 page 3 of 3 inroads wsdot retaining wall templates sometimes it is necessary to recreate points. Usually the cantilever wall stem is of concrete block. Truline 126 ben burton circle bogart, georgia 30622. For design purposes, an equipment impact point load on the gravity block retaining wall face will be assumed at 30 inches 2. The safety factor against sliding minimum required f. The design parameters for design of these ers are based on the aashto design specifications, 4 th edition, 2007, and the 2010 california amendments california amendments. Therefore all requirements under the district plan relating to a building apply to a retaining wall that exceeds 1. Mse retaining wall design considerations by marcus galvan, p. How to build a concrete retaining wall the family handyman. However, the term is usually used with reference to a cantilever retaining wall, which. Updated and expanded throughout, this new edition covers nearly every type of retaining strucutre. Wsdot standard plan reinforced concrete retaining wall. Reinforced concrete wall design basics mike oshea, p. The focus of the guideline is the geotechnical aspects of retaining wall design.
Assuming that the allowable bearing pressure of the soil is 120 knm 2, the. Structural design of cantilever retaining wall is depend on separating each part of wall and design. The cma lobbies for bestpractice technical standards in the manufacture and application of precast concrete and promotes its members and their products as trusted market leaders. For example, the auckland district plan defines any retaining wall that exceeds 1. Because of their large mass, gravity retaining walls may not. Cantilever rc retaining wall 10 knm2 m 500 mm h 400 0. Norfolk and tasman retaining walls au keystone retaining wall systems. Example 1 retaining wall designs using retaining blocks.
The cantilever retaining wall shown below is backfilled with granular material having a unit weight. Appendix a examples colorado department of transportation. However, the term is usually used with reference to a cantilever retaining wall. D ata sheet concrete retaining walls concrete retaining walls. Considering cracked section moment of inertia including effective width of compression flanges does not produce too dissimilar results.
A n beal earth retaining structures worked examples. Design of walls 365 and concrete in alternate flanges goes into tension. They are composed of a light form of concrete that is further blended with aggregates to make the blocks sturdier. The stem may have constant thickness along the length or may be tapered based on economic and construction criteria.
A n beal earth retaining structures worked examples 5 1. In this example, the structural design of the three retaining wall. Assume level backfill, no surcharge or seismic loading, active earth pressure and masonry laid in running bond. Retaining blocks are among the easiest of constructional elements used for building retaining walls. Dec 27, 2014 method statement for retaining wall work execution retaining wall work shall be taken up for a length of 10m to 20m to suit the site condition duly considering the safety aspect. Any wall that sustains significant lateral soil pressure is a retaining wall. The objective of this guideline is to provide information on retaining wall design in accordance with the city of nanaimo the city and the british columbia building code bcbc requirements. Hence they provide a lateral support to vertical slopes of soil that would otherwise collapse into a more natural shape. Design of reinforced concrete wall guidelines, concept. Ce 537, spring 2011 retaining wall design example 1 8 design a reinforced concrete retaining wall for the following conditions. Heavy duty, galvanised steel retaining wall posts for a professional finish. Examples of this include cip cantilever, mse and modular block walls.
Worked example 2 design of concrete cantilever retaining walls to. Manual for design and detailing of reinforced concrete to. The wall we built was a weekendlong project and an exhausting one at that. Design of semi gravity retaining walls wec civilians. Suggest suitable dimensions for the rc retaining wall example 1. Manual for design and detailing of reinforced concrete to september 20 the code of practice for structural use of concrete 20 contents 1. Method statement for retaining wall work execution blogger. Gravity retaining walls figure a are constructed with plain concrete or stone. Rccii design steps for cantilever retaining wall youtube.
Design and detailing of counterfort retaining wall when the height of the retaining wall exceeds about 6 m, the thickness of the stem and heel slab works out to be sufficiently large and the design. Retaining wall design of reinforced concrete structure. This may mean that resource consent is required even if a building consent is not. Ab engineering manual retaining walls allan block wall. Retaining wall design example design a reinforced concrete. Cantilever concrete retaining walls are commonly used for residential purposes, often as integral basement walls. Ers that appear as 2010 standard plans or revised standard plans are. Design of reinforced concrete wall concept, calculations reinforced concrete wall is designed as a compression member. Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall analysis and design. Ce 537, spring 2011 retaining wall design example 6 8 2. This manual is intended primarily for retaining walls. The plan detailing criteria specified in bdm section 7.
Aci e702 example problems buried concrete basement wall l. Retaining wall development is described in section 11555 of the. The quality of a retaining wall is generally equal to the strength of the weakest link in the retaining wall chain. Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall analysis and design aci 31814 reinforced concrete cantilever retaining walls consist of a relatively thin stem and a base slab. Figure 1reinforced cantilever retaining wall detailing mortar cap or other, as desired bond beam. Design of sheet pile walls using truline composite wall sections design methods and examples a report presented to formtech enterprises, inc. W wheel wfill wsur k ft klf ft u u klf ft ft ft w l m w plf. The following parameters influence the design of the retaining wall. Preface standards australia has published as 46782002 for the design of earth retaining structures, which.
Cantilever retaining wall ouestion for the retaining wall and the profile shown below, calculate. Engineering and design retaining and flood walls 1. Gravity retaining walls tek 156 structural 1995 keywords. Oct 16, 2017 types of retaining wall gravity wall made of plain concrete or brick masonry the stability of the wall is maintained by its own weight made up to a height of 3 m. Earth pressure p 8 earth pressure is the pressure exerted by the retaining material on the retaining wall. Design of cantilever sheet pile walls january 2015. This design example focuses on the analysis and design of a tapered cantilever retaining wall including a comparison with model results. This manual presents the techniques used by allan block in our engineering practice to design retaining walls. Geogrid spacing is determined by structural crosssection design requirements. Abarac current retaining wall design procedures are summarized with emphasis on the prediction of lateral earth pressures using the coulomb and rankine earth pressure theories, and the equivalent fluid pressure method. Cantilever retaining wall reinforced concrete wall with small dimensions and it is the most economical type and the most common note. For retaining walls supported by deep foundations shafts or piles, refer to bdm sections 7.